Follow me to learn Linux operation and maintenance

Let’s first explain what is operation and maintenance. Simply put, it is operation and maintenance. The basic work of an operation and maintenance engineer needs to deal with various software and hardware problems every day, such as installing the operating system and maintaining the enterprise network, mainly to escort the company's programmers, avoid various problems, and ensure the normal network environment. . Of course, in addition to this, there are many additional and more important things that need to be done, such as monitoring the normal operation of the service, designing and optimizing the platform architecture, handling monitoring in a timely manner, exceptions and errors, etc. All need to be done by operation and maintenance engineers. Of course, the actual workload is not enough, so if we want to do operation and maintenance, we need to master at least some basic knowledge.

What is the job of Linux operation and maintenance?

To sum up in one sentence, it is to maintain the normal operation of the Linux system and related software services, program codes (Java, Php, Python) and enterprise core data on the system, so that enterprises can provide high-quality, efficient and fast services for enterprise customers, thereby Profits make money. With the growth of the enterprise, the number and requirements of servers and services will also increase exponentially, and there will be more requirements for the ability of operation and maintenance and the number of operation and maintenance personnel. During the operation of the entire enterprise business system, it involves a combination of technologies such as system, network, database, storage, development, security, monitoring, and architecture, which puts forward higher requirements on the ability of operation and maintenance personnel.

Linux operation and maintenance job classification

Hardware operation and maintenance: hardware maintenance, such as servers, switches, routers, storage, load balancing and other equipment;

Network operation and maintenance: network equipment maintenance: maintenance of switches, routers and office LANs;

System operation and maintenance: maintenance of infrastructure, focusing on systems and applications, but also involving hardware networks;

Application operation and maintenance (SRE): maintenance and troubleshooting of enterprise business R&D environment, test environment, online environment, etc.;

Monitoring operation and maintenance: business monitoring and alarming of all server clusters in the entire business system;

Database operation and maintenance: Responsible for data storage scheme design, database table design, index design and SQL optimization;

Security operation and maintenance: security scanning, penetration testing, security tools, emergency handling of security incidents, etc.;

O&M development: develop O&M tools and platforms, as well as automated and intelligent O&M;

Operation and maintenance engineers also include some low-end positions, such as network administrator, monitoring operation and maintenance, IDC operation and maintenance, on-duty operation and maintenance, etc. The development of these positions is limited and needs to be promoted as soon as possible in order to obtain better development opportunities.

The Linux foundation is the most important. I believe everyone has heard of this name. Except for the most popular Windows, the next one is Linux. As the saying goes, if the foundation is not firm, the ground is shaking, and if you don't learn Linux well, it will be very difficult to learn other more advanced content in the future. Students can learn by watching videos. For example, they can go to station B to search for relevant linux tutorials. Of course, if you don’t want to watch videos, you can learn from books. If you learn from books, you will also find a lot of The details, because the teacher can't tell you every detail in the book, but if you read the book by yourself, you will learn a lot. Here I recommend "Linux should be learned like this" to everyone. Let's not talk about the evaluation of this book on the Internet. After all, it may not be suitable for everyone, but this book is what I learned when I was getting started. I think it is still Pretty good. It can be said that it is suitable for people with zero foundation to get started with Linux. In short, after reading this book, you can basically understand what Linux is all about, and you can start doing some small projects yourself.

The next step is to learn the knowledge related to network and web services. In the enterprise, a large number of services are included in the network, and the most commonly used ones will definitely be deployed, such as vsftp, nfs, samba, bind, dhcp, which must be mastered , of course, there are many other network services, which are not explained here.

Then we also need to learn Shell script to become advanced. Shell script must be mastered in Linux automated operation and maintenance. The most important ones, grep, sed and awk, must also be learned, because text processing under Linux depends on them.

If you learn Shell script programming, you will definitely get twice the result with half the effort when you do things. It will save you a lot of time and energy and help you complete various repetitive tasks.

There are also clusters and virtualization to learn. Keepalived and Heartbeat are the mainstream. In daily operation and maintenance, we also need to optimize the system of enterprise employees, so that the system occupies less resources to process more things to improve work efficiency.

In addition, everyone should pay attention to learning methods when studying. While reading, you must type code. I believe many teachers have emphasized the importance of hands-on practice, so students must be a practical school, never be a Video observers, whenever you finish a certain chapter or knowledge point, you must do homework after class. For example, after reading the book, you must remember to complete the after-class exercises and examples of problems in the book. Remember not to be too eager to read. The content of the next chapter, because I recommend that each chapter in this book is interrelated and supports each other, the content of the previous chapter lays the groundwork for the next chapter, and continues to progress layer by layer, so we must pay attention to it. After class exercises, you must practice to thoroughly understand the current chapter before you can move on to the next chapter. After all, for programmers, the importance of hands-on practice is self-evident and can be said to be very important. Because in the end, we all have to rely on our own hands to complete the project. If you encounter problems that you don’t understand, you can ask your teachers more. If you don’t have resources around you, you can go to online forums and add more Linux QQ technical discussion groups. Although sometimes you ask questions, no one may answer you, but As long as you ask, it is possible to get an answer, if you don't ask, it is impossible to get an answer. When asking questions, you must have a humble attitude. After all, people answer questions for you for free. Remember not to throw a question directly to ask others without any courtesy.

I also hope that everyone can learn Linux well and use the great technology of Linux to achieve what you want to do. Linux is very interesting. I also hope that everyone can fall in love with Linux and learn Linux and its related operation and maintenance knowledge. , and will have the opportunity to become a qualified operation and maintenance engineer in the future.